Analysis of Administrative Legal Treatment Unfairness between Civil Servants and Government Employees with Employment Agreements based on the Principles of Justice and Legal Certainty
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsss.v4i5.3Keywords:
Justice, Civil Servants, Government Employees under Work AgreementsAbstract
Law Number 20 of 2023 concerning the State Civil Apparatus System regulates two categories of state civil servants, namely Civil Servants and Government Employees under Work Agreements. However, this normative structure results in substantial disparities in terms of rights, obligations, welfare, and career access. This article analyzes three research questions, the legal status of Civil Servants, the legal status of Government Employees under Work Agreements, and whether the disparities in rights and obligations between Civil Servants and Government Employees under Work Agreements violate the principles of justice and legal certainty in administrative law. This research employs a normative legal research method using a statute approach and a conceptual approach, with Law Number 20 of 2023 concerning the State Civil Apparatus System serving as the primary legal norm. The findings indicate that although the existence of Government Employees under Work Agreements has certain justifications related to organizational flexibility and budgetary efficiency, the existing disparity structure is inconsistent with the merit principle mandated by Law Number 20 of 2023 concerning the State Civil Apparatus System and guaranteed under Article 27 paragraph (2) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In Decision Number 84/PUU-XXIV/2026, the Constitutional Court affirmed that preferential treatment toward Civil Servants creates indirect discrimination and cannot be constitutionally justified. The authors conclude that disparities in rights and obligations between Civil Servants and Government Employees under Work Agreements violate the fundamental principles of justice and legal certainty, which constitute the foundation of the Indonesian rule-of-law state
References
Darma Nasution, D. A., Nasution, A. P., & Alpi, M. F. (2019). Pengaruh penerapan Smart ASN terhadap pengelolaan keuangan negara di era disrupsi teknologi Indonesia 4.0. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains & Teknologi Informasi (SENSASI 2019). https://prosiding.seminar-id.com/index.php/sensasi/
De Jesus, E., Tuba Helan, Y. G., & Asnawi, N. (2024). Hak Pegawai Negeri Sipil dan Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2023 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara, ditinjau dari segi keadilan. Federalisme: Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(4), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.62383/federalisme.v1i4.344
Hasbullah, M. (2024). Implementasi mutasi dalam rangka mewujudkan Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang profesional [Tesis, Universitas Hasanuddin]. Repository Universitas Hasanuddin.
Ilham, M. (2025). Kedudukan hukum Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja dalam Undang-Undang Aparatur Sipil Negara 2023. Syariah: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum.
Marfuah, S., Assery, S., & Purwanto, W. (2024). Upaya peningkatan disiplin kerja pegawai pada Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Yogyakarta. Jurnal Riset Manajemen Akuntansi Indonesia, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.32477/jrima.v2i4.1079
Mooy, M. A., Niga, J. D., Pah, T. I. B. K., & Toda, H. (2025). Efektivitas Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja pada Balai Besar Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Nusa Tenggara Timur. Journal Education and Government Wiyata, 3(1), 369–379. https://doi.org/10.71128/e-gov.v3i1.218
Muhammad Yassin, Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Warga Negara dalam Pelaksanaan Mutasi Pegawai Negeri Sipil, Yuridika, Volume 31, No. 2, Mei 2016, https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v31i2.4856
Parkher, J. A., & Radjab, D. (2021). Pengaturan Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja dalam sistem kepegawaian berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan. Limbago: Journal of Constitutional Law, 1(3), 481–501. https://doi.org/10.22437/limbago.v1i3.14346
Ponto, I. S. (2025). Pengembangan karier Aparatur Sipil Negara berbasis sistem merit. Mediasosian: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Administrasi Negara, 9(1).
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Nomor 84/PUU-XXIV/2026. (2026).
Ramadhani, D. A., & Joesoef, I. E. (2020). Perlindungan hukum Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja (PPPK) dalam konsep perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu di institusi perguruan tinggi. Jurnal Yuridis, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.35586/jyur.v7i1.1830
Rosada, D., & Sulastri, D. (2026). Kedudukan hukum Aparatur Sipil Negara dalam sengketa kepegawaian: Tanggung jawab, perlindungan, dan mekanisme penyelesaian. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory, 4(1), 1140–1147.
Sihombing, E. N. A. M., & Hadita, C. (2022). Bentuk ideal tindak lanjut atas putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam pengujian undang-undang. JAPHTN-HAN, 1(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.55292/japhtnhan.v1i1.4
Sihombing, E. N. A. M., & Hadita, C. (2022). Penelitian hukum. Intrans Publishing.
Zakaria, A., Mozin, S., & Nani, Y. N. (2024). Penerapan Prinsip Good Governance Dalam Pelayanan Administrasi Di Kantor Desa Toto Utara Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 1(7), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10648809.
